This is a normal cell. This is a cancer cell.

A windpipe cell already knows it's a windpipe cell.

An egg is a cell.

You can even be just a single cell.

So imagine we make a little cell.

David Bolinsky animates a cell

In effect, the cancer cell was forgetting it was cancer and becoming a normal cell.

Now, your pacemaker is not a single cell.

Finally, not that long ago, Craig Venter created the first artificial cell, where he took a cell, took a DNA synthesizer, which is a machine, created an artificial genome, put it in a different cell the genome was not of the cell he put it in and that cell then reproduced as the other cell.

Photopile

Photopile

An alternative definition is the entirety of carbohydrates in a cell.

And you can see on the screen a cell being made.

So, these are all the machines in a cell.

And these micro machines power how a cell moves.

They power how a cell replicates. They power our hearts.

Cell Wood

In this simulation, each black dot is one nerve cell.

This is just a collection of pathways in the cell.

So what you see in the picture there is a cell with a hormone receptor in red punching through the edge of the cell.

You probably know, if you've been paying attention to some of the science literature that you can now take a skin cell and encourage it to become a liver cell or a heart cell or a kidney cell or a brain cell for any of us.

We can think of a cell from an electrical perspective as if it's a mini space station.

Examples of toxic agents are an immune cell or some types of venom, e.g.

A staph cell can be next to a muscle cell in your body and borrow genes from it when antibiotics come, and change and mutate.

And it seemed that tumors actually begin from a stem cell.

It was a diamond cell structure was the point of departure.

And it's in every cell.

But what does a cell do?

The dot is visible whenever a cell fires an electrical impulse.

But if you really understand why does a cell go from normal cell to cancer?

These mutations cause the cell to make prion proteins with an abnormal structure.

You might think of this as kind of like a primitive cell. It is a simple chemical model of a living cell, and if you consider for example a cell in your body may have on the order of millions of different types of molecules that need to come together, play together in a complex network to produce something that we call alive.

And I want to call it the girl cell.

You don't have to be alive. You don't have to be even a single cell.

So they are one cell and they have this special property that they only have one piece of DNA.

What is this? This is the first transplant of naked DNA, where you take an entire DNA operating system out of one cell, insert it into a different cell, and have that cell boot up as a separate species. That's one month old. You will see stuff in the next month that will be just as important as this stuff.

So how does a place cell know where the rat or person is within its environment?

In an experiment done in cell culture and shown here in a cartoon, if you take that particular compound and you add it to that cell that has progeria, and you watch to see what happened, in just 72 hours, that cell becomes, for all purposes that we can determine, almost like a normal cell.

And in fact, the smallest unit of matter that can evolve independently is, in fact, a single cell a bacteria.

This is a new kind of solar cell that's based on how a leaf works.

Cancer is an interaction of a cell that no longer is under growth control with the environment.

And then the cell splits down the middle.

We don't need to teach it to become another cell type.

And the cell is obviously for us a fascinating thing.

They cause different things to happen inside the cell.