Thickness

Here you have a retina.

In other words, we're not literally replacing the components of the retina.

We've just abstracted what the retina's doing with a set of equations.

The image projected in the retina is inverted.

It is thought that the ice cover may be up to 20 metres thick.

The retina chip extracts four different kinds of information.

My rough calculation is it would be about 25 miles thick.

So you have an image, a retina, and a brain.

And then the transducer then makes the output cells send the code on up to the brain, and the result is a retinal prosthetic that can produce normal retinal output.

But when it's moving back and forth, the retina picks up these changes.

But all of the UVB, or nearly all of it, is dissipated through the thickness of the atmosphere.

Gauges are used to measure the thickness of wire.

Can we reconstruct what the retina was seeing from the responses from the firing patterns?

The retina chip that we designed sits behind this lens here.

It is a square building with very thick walls.

After about two to three weeks, we're looking at something which is about an inch in thickness.

So what we did is we took a moment in time from these recordings and asked, what was the retina seeing at that moment?

What you notice here is that these snapshots taken from the output of the retina chip are very sparse, right?

So what you're looking at is the surface of the moon Europa, which is a thick sheet of ice, probably a hundred kilometers thick.

When this first came out, it was just a really exciting thing, the idea that you even make a blind retina respond at all.

The largest organism on the planet is a mycelial mat, one cell wall thick.

This is thought to be at east 30 centimetres and perhaps up to 20 metres thick.

For the library, the fabric was for the first time in these quantities pressed into four centimetre thick boards.

This experience taught me to empathize more with my patients, and especially those with retinal diseases.

In the north and east of the country, there is 15 centimetres of snow in some areas.

If you brought the entire ozone layer down to the surface of the Earth, it would be the thickness of two pennies, at 14 pounds per square inch.

But sometime ago, through the help of an opthamologist colleague of mine, Carmen Puliafito, who developed a laser scanner of the retina, I found out the the following.

So on the left is the encoder alone, and on the right is from an actual blind retina, so the encoder and the transducer.

Heart disease, stroke, diabetes, spinal cord injury, muscular dystrophy, retinal eye diseases are any of these conditions relevant, personally, to you?

The thickness of the wall, which was for the side rooms, on the outside, was five cubits and that which was left was the place of the side rooms that belonged to the house.

The thickness of the wall, which was for the side chamber without, was five cubits and that which was left was the place of the side chambers that were within.

Light enters, hits the back of the retina, and is circulated, most of which is streamed to the very back of the brain, at the primary visual cortex.

It further decreased by 27 in thickness (13 m) between 1967 and 1999.

Oceanographers use various definitions of the number to use as the mixed layer depth at any given time, based on making measurements of physical properties of the water.

Then he measured the wall of the house, six cubits and the breadth of every side room, four cubits, all around the house on every side.

After he measured the wall of the house, six cubits and the breadth of every side chamber, four cubits, round about the house on every side.

And I'm going to show you a system that we designed to model the retina, which is a piece of brain that lines the inside of your eyeball.

Then what happens is the retinal circuitry, the middle part, goes to work on it, and what it does is it performs operations on it, it extracts information from it, and it converts that information into a code.

In heat transfer problems, the Prandtl number controls the relative thickness of the momentum and thermal boundary layers.

So when you look at something, like this image of this baby's face, it goes into your eye and it lands on your retina, on the front end cells here, the photoreceptors.

This multilayer structure strongly reflects certain wavelengths of light, which are determined by the thicknesses of the layers and the angle at which the light hits the scale.

The comprehensive solution this is the device it's about one inches by two inches and, oddly enough, just the thickness of most cranial bones.

And the chip I'm going to show you a video that the silicon retina put out of its output when it was looking at Kareem Zaghloul, who's the student who designed this chip.

So what it's doing is, it's replacing the retinal circuitry, really the guts of the retinal circuitry, with a set of equations, a set of equations that we can implement on a chip. So it's just math.